VirtualBox VDI檔重複使用的作法

一般來說，檔案的重複使用，就是複製嘛！
但是我在使用VirtualBox時，可能已經創造出一個虛擬機器OK了。
然後我要利用這個虛擬機器VDI檔，再使用來開成另一個同樣環境的OS。
好省去我重複安裝OS的那些步驟和時間，要怎麼做呢？

之前我以為用指令cp就可以了！
没想到要掛上我cp出來的VDI檔時，VirtualBox卻給我錯誤訊息，
提示說什麼uuid已經重複！同樣的VDI已經被註冊使用了！

耶？之前用過VMWare可沒有這種困擾啊，幹麻VirtualBox要這麼嚴謹。

後來無意中打字，打VBox用上了bash的命令補完功能時，
出現了一連串沒看過的VirtualBox的指令集，然後又找了Google大師解惑。
才知道，原來VirtualBox這個套自由軟體，還是有遵照自由軟體的老傳統......
是有文字模式的命令集的。

而它的VDI要複製再使用，就是要用它的命令功具來執行才行！
唉！這下有解了。
我不用為了要以一個Pure的OS環境，去Try一些Server功能，
然後辛苦的從頭安裝一個OS了。

$ VBoxManage clonevdi Win2003Server.vdi Win2003.vdi
就能把原來裝好windows 2003 Server產生的VDI檔Win2003Server.vdi，
複製成Win2003.vdi，然後掛載成一個新的虛擬機器用了。

當然，你要先把虛擬機器停掉，再來「克隆」哦！
轉貼一下它的說明，以為備查：

VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 1.5.4
(C) 2005-2007 innotek GmbH
All rights reserved.

Usage:

VBoxManage [-v|-version]    print version number and exit
VBoxManage -nologo ...      suppress the logo

VBoxManage list             vms|ostypes|hostdvds|hostfloppies|
                           hdds|dvds|floppies|usbhost|usbfilters|
                           systemproperties

VBoxManage showvminfo       <uuid>|<name>
                           [-details]

VBoxManage registervm       <filename>

VBoxManage unregistervm     <uuid>|<name>
                           [-delete]

VBoxManage createvm         -name <name>
                           [-register]
                           [-basefolder <path> | -settingsfile <path>]
                          

VBoxManage modifyvm         <uuid|name>
                           [-name <name>]
                           [-ostype <ostype>]
                           [-memory <memorysize>]
                           [-vram <vramsize>]
                           [-acpi on|off]
                           [-ioapic on|off]
                           [-hwvirtex on|off|default]
                           [-monitorcount <number>]
                           [-bioslogofadein on|off]
                           [-bioslogofadeout on|off]
                           [-bioslogodisplaytime <msec>]
                           [-bioslogoimagepath <imagepath>]
                           [-biosbootmenu disabled|menuonly|messageandmenu]
                           [-biossystemtimeoffset <msec>]
                           [-biospxedebug on|off]
                           [-boot<1-4> none|floppy|dvd|disk|net>]
                           [-hd<a|b|d> none|<uuid>|<filename>]
                           [-dvd none|<uuid>|<filename>|host:<drive>]
                           [-dvdpassthrough on|off]
                           [-floppy disabled|empty|<uuid>|
                                    <filename>|host:<drive>]
                           [-nic<1-N> none|null|nat|hostif|intnet]
                           [-nictype<1-N> Am79C970A|Am79C973]
                           [-cableconnected<1-N> on|off]
                           [-nictrace<1-N> on|off]
                           [-nictracefile<1-N> <filename>]
                           [-hostifdev<1-N> none|<devicename>]
                           [-intnet<1-N> <network>]
                           [-macaddress<1-N> auto|<mac>]
                           [-uart<1-N> off|<I/O base> <IRQ>]
                           [-uartmode<1-N> disconnected|
                                           server <pipe>|
                                           client <pipe>|
                                           <devicename>]
                           [-tapsetup<1-N> none|<application>]
                           [-tapterminate<1-N> none|<application>]
                           [-audio none|null|oss|alsa]
                           [-clipboard disabled|hosttoguest|guesttohost|
                                       bidirectional]
                           [-vrdp on|off]
                           [-vrdpport default|<port>]
                           [-vrdpaddress <host>]
                           [-vrdpauthtype null|external|guest]
                           [-vrdpmulticon on|off]
                           [-usb on|off]
                           [-usbehci on|off]
                           [-snapshotfolder default|<path>]

VBoxManage startvm          <uuid>|<name>
                           [-type gui|vrdp]

VBoxManage controlvm        <uuid>|<name>
                           pause|resume|reset|poweroff|savestate|
                           acpipowerbutton|acpisleepbutton|
                           setlinkstate<1-4> on|off |
                           usbattach <uuid>|<address> |
                           usbdetach <uuid>|<address> |
                           dvdattach none|<uuid>|<filename>|host:<drive> |
                           floppyattach none|<uuid>|<filename>|host:<drive> |
                           setvideomodehint <xres> <yres> <bpp> [display]|
                           setcredentials <username> <password> <domain>
                                          [-allowlocallogon <yes|no>]

VBoxManage discardstate     <uuid>|<name>

VBoxManage snapshot         <uuid>|<name>
                           take <name> [-desc <desc>] |
                           discard <uuid>|<name> |
                           discardcurrent -state|-all |
                           edit <uuid>|<name>|-current
                                [-newname <name>]
                                [-newdesc <desc>] |
                           showvminfo <uuid>|<name>

VBoxManage registerimage    disk|dvd|floppy <filename>
                           [-type normal|immutable|writethrough] (disk only)

VBoxManage unregisterimage  disk|dvd|floppy <uuid>|<filename>

VBoxManage showvdiinfo      <uuid>|<filename>

VBoxManage createvdi        -filename <filename>
                           -size <megabytes>
                           [-static]
                           [-comment <comment>]
                           [-register]
                           [-type normal|writethrough] (default: normal)

VBoxManage modifyvdi        <uuid>|<filename>
                           compact

VBoxManage clonevdi         <uuid>|<filename> <outputfile>

VBoxManage convertdd        <filename> <outputfile>
VBoxManage convertdd        stdin <outputfile> <bytes>

VBoxManage addiscsidisk     -server <name>|<ip>
                           -target <target>
                           [-port <port>]
                           [-lun <lun>]
                           [-encodedlun <lun>]
                           [-username <username>]
                           [-password <password>]
                           [-comment <comment>]

VBoxManage getextradata     global|<uuid>|<name>
                           <key>|enumerate

VBoxManage setextradata     global|<uuid>|<name>
                           <key>
                           [<value>] (no value deletes key)

VBoxManage setproperty      vdifolder default|<folder> |
                           machinefolder default|<folder> |
                           vrdpauthlibrary default|<library> |
                           hwvirtexenabled yes|no
                           loghistorycount <value>

VBoxManage usbfilter        add <index,0-N>
                           -target <uuid>|<name>|global
                           -name <string>
                           -action ignore|hold (global filters only)
                           [-active yes|no] (yes)
                           [-vendorid <XXXX>] (null)
                           [-productid <XXXX>] (null)
                           [-revision <IIFF>] (null)
                           [-manufacturer <string>] (null)
                           [-product <string>] (null)
                           [-remote yes|no] (null, VM filters only)
                           [-serialnumber <string>] (null)
                           [-maskedinterfaces <XXXXXXXX>]

VBoxManage usbfilter        modify <index,0-N>
                           -target <uuid>|<name>|global
                           [-name <string>]
                           [-action ignore|hold] (global filters only)
                           [-active yes|no]
                           [-vendorid <XXXX>|""]
                           [-productid <XXXX>|""]
                           [-revision <IIFF>|""]
                           [-manufacturer <string>|""]
                           [-product <string>|""]
                           [-remote yes|no] (null, VM filters only)
                           [-serialnumber <string>|""]
                           [-maskedinterfaces <XXXXXXXX>]

VBoxManage usbfilter        remove <index,0-N>
                           -target <uuid>|<name>|global

VBoxManage sharedfolder     add <vmname>|<uuid>
                           -name <name> -hostpath <hostpath>
                           [-transient]

VBoxManage sharedfolder     remove <vmname>|<uuid>
                           -name <name> [-transient]

VBoxManage updatesettings   [<dir>|<file>] [-apply]
                           [-nobackup] [-skipinvalid]